National League for Nursing (NLN) Science Practice Exam

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The term renal refers to which organ in the body?

Liver
Gallbladder
Kidney
Lung

The correct answer is: Kidney

The term "renal" specifically relates to the kidneys, which are crucial organs in the urinary system responsible for filtering blood, removing waste, and regulating fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. Understanding that "renal" derives from the Latin word for kidney helps clarify its association with this particular organ. This term is commonly used in medical terminology, such as in conditions like renal failure, which indicates the kidneys are not functioning properly. In contrast, the other options refer to different organs with distinct functions: the liver plays a key role in metabolism and detoxification, the gallbladder stores bile for digestion, and the lungs are involved in gas exchange and respiration. Each of these organs serves critical, unique functions that are not related to the concept of filtration or waste elimination, which are central to the role of the kidneys. Thus, the correct answer accurately identifies the specific organ linked to the term "renal."