National League for Nursing (NLN) Science Practice Exam

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Study for the National League for Nursing Science Exam. Enhance your knowledge with flashcards and multiple choice questions that provide hints and explanations. Excel in your exam preparation!

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What is the term for the accumulation of cholesterol that leads to the hardening of the arteries?

vasoconstriction
venipuncture
atherosclerosis
hypertension

The correct answer is: atherosclerosis

The term for the accumulation of cholesterol that leads to the hardening of the arteries is atherosclerosis. This condition involves the buildup of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances on the arterial walls, which can restrict blood flow and lead to cardiovascular diseases. Over time, the accumulation can cause the arteries to lose their elasticity and become less capable of expanding and contracting with blood flow, leading to increased vascular resistance. This process is a significant risk factor for heart attack and stroke, as it can lead to serious complications when plaque ruptures, potentially causing blood clots that can obstruct blood circulation. Understanding atherosclerosis is essential for recognizing how lifestyle factors, such as diet and exercise, can influence cardiovascular health and disease prevention.