National League for Nursing (NLN) Science Practice Exam

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Which equation is written incorrectly, demonstrating a relationship that does not exist?

V = IR
P = IV
R = V/I
I = R/V

The correct answer is: I = R/V

The equation I = R/V is written incorrectly because it incorrectly represents the relationship between the current (I), resistance (R), and voltage (V). In electrical circuits, Ohm’s Law states that voltage (V) is equal to the product of current (I) and resistance (R), which is correctly expressed as V = IR. Rearranging this formula gives R = V/I or I = V/R, illustrating that current is equal to voltage divided by resistance. The representation of current as I = R/V is not supported by Ohm's Law and therefore misrepresents how these electrical quantities relate to one another. This equation suggests a direct relationship between current and resistance while ignoring voltage. Other options maintain the correct relationships established by Ohm's Law and fundamental principles of electricity. V = IR is the foundational formula for relating voltage, current, and resistance. P = IV expresses the power (P) consumed in a circuit as the product of current and voltage. R = V/I accurately shows resistance as voltage divided by current. Each of these equations is valid and consistent with the principles of electrical theory. Thus, the equation I = R/V is the one that does not correctly depict the relationship between these variables.